You will need to standardize on a "density" unit and account for gravity, or not, in your equation.Īlternatively, if you use Mathcad 15, you could create a drop-down unit choice and use an "If" statement to set the equation up to handle the units based on user selection. Rapidly closing or opening valves - or starting stopping pumps - may cause pressure transients in pipelines known as surge or water hammers.As you know, a "slug" is a different unit from a "lbf", so you can't use the same equation for both and expect consistent units for a result. Shear Modulus (Modulus of Rigidity) is the elasticity coefficient for shearing or torsion force.Ĭalculate the speed of sound (the sonic velocity) in gases, fluids or solids. The Bulk Modulus - resistance to uniform compression - for some common metals and alloys. Metals and Alloys - Bulk Modulus Elasticity Pressure and Temperature Changeĭensities and specific volume of liquids vs. Thermodynamic properties of heavy water (D2O) like density, melting temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of fusion, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more. Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more. Involving velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time. Note! - since the density of the seawater varies with dept the pressure calculation could be done more accurate by calculating in dept intervals. The density of seawater in the deep can be calculated by modifying (2) to The initial pressure at sea-level is 10 5 Pa and the density of seawater at sea level is 1022 kg/m 3. The hydrostatic pressure in the Mariana Trench can be calculated as the deepest known point in the Earth's oceans - 10994 m. Example - Density of Seawater in the Mariana Trench 80 times harder to compress than water with Bulk Modulus 2.15 10 9 Pa. Stainless steel with Bulk Modulus 163 10 9 Pa is aprox. 1 lb f /in 2(psi) = 6.894 10 3 N/m 2(Pa)Ī large Bulk Modulus indicates a relative incompressible fluid.The imperial (BG) unit is lb f /in 2(psi).The SI unit of the bulk modulus elasticity is N/m 2(Pa).A decrease in the volume will increase the density (2). Ρ 1 = final density of the object ( kg/m 3 ) <Īn increase in the pressure will decrease the volume (1). Ρ 0 = initial density of the object (kg/m 3 ) = ( p 1 - p 0 ) / (( ρ 1 - ρ 0 ) / ρ 0 ) (2)ĭρ = differential change in density of the object (kg/m 3 ) The Bulk Modulus Elasticity can alternatively be expressed as P 1 = final pressure ( Pa, N/m 2) V 1 = final volume ( m 3 ) V 0 = initial volume of the object (m 3 )
K = Bulk Modulus of Elasticity (Pa, N/m 2)ĭp = differential change in pressure on the object (Pa, N/m 2)ĭV = differential change in volume of the object (m 3 ) The Bulk Modulus Elasticity can be calculated as The Bulk Modulus Elasticity - or Volume Modulus - is a material property characterizing the compressibility of a fluid - how easy a unit volume of a fluid can be changed when changing the pressure working upon it.